Ionization energy: 4th

The 4th ionization energy of the element M is a measure of the energy required to remove one electron from one mole of the gaseous ion M3+

Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a periodic table cityscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a periodic table cityscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a periodic table heatscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a periodic table heatscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a spiral periodic table heatscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a spiral periodic table heatscape style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a 3D spiral periodic table column style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a 3D spiral periodic table column style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a 3D periodic table column style.
Image showing periodicity of the chemical elements for ionization energy: 4th in a 3D periodic table column style.

Units

kJ mol-1

Notes

None

For access to other ionisation enrgies, select from:

Literature sources

  1. J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.
  2. D.R. Lide, (Ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
  3. J.A. Dean (ed) in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 14th edition, 1992.
  4. A. Kramida, Yu. Ralchenko, J. Reader, and NIST ASD Team (2018). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ver. 5.5.6), [Online]. Available: https://physics.nist.gov/asd [Accessed 10 March 2018]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD.
Explore the element of your choice through this periodic table.
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4
5
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S
17
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56
*
71
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88
**
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
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113
114
115
116
117
118
 
*Lanthanoids *
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
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68
69
70
**Actinoids **
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102